Here is an example of wide dynamic range
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These are parts of benzene chromatogram acquired directly from
FID.
Benzene analysis report |
Peak name |
Retention time, min |
Area, nA·min |
Concentration, % vol. |
Impurity 1 |
1.800 |
0.01692 |
0.00001 |
Impurity 2 |
1.995 |
0.17258 |
0.00011 |
Impurity 3 |
2.485 |
0.42850 |
0.00026 |
Impurity 4 |
2.776 |
0.73053 |
0.00045 |
Impurity 5 |
3.688 |
0.84110 |
0.00052 |
Impurity 6 |
4.091 |
0.58988 |
0.00036 |
Impurity 7 |
4.403 |
1.38468 |
0.00086 |
Impurity 8 |
4.829 |
0.94460 |
0.00058 |
Impurity 9 |
6.141 |
11.54775 |
0.00713 |
Methylcyclopentane |
6.712 |
24.76129 |
0.01529 |
n-Heptane |
7.749 |
36.76245 |
0.02271 |
Impurity 12 |
8.491 |
8.87329 |
0.00548 |
Cyclohexane |
9.133 |
30.99220 |
0.01914 |
Impurity 14 |
10.267 |
2.60147 |
0.00161 |
Impurity 15 |
11.363 |
1.87776 |
0.00116 |
Impurity 16 |
12.261 |
1.50891 |
0.00093 |
Methylcyclohexane |
12.827 |
21.69016 |
0.01340 |
Benzene |
16.536 |
161754.05000 |
99.90352 |
Toluene |
33.747 |
10.49359 |
0.00648 |
Gas Chromatograph - "Tswett-80".
LabNet™ ADC was connected directly to the FID.
The upper-range value, the base material benzene, is 99.9035 % and
the lower-range value, impurity 1, is 0.00001 %.
The dynamic range of component concentration is 107.